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 193   <div class="section" id="appending-or-prepending-data">
 194 <h1>Appending or Prepending Data<a class="headerlink" href="#appending-or-prepending-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
 195 <div class="section" id="synopsis">
 196 <h2>SYNOPSIS<a class="headerlink" href="#synopsis" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
 197 <dl class="docutils">
 198 <dt>#include &lt;libmemcached-1.0/memcached.h&gt;</dt>
 199 <dd>Compile and link with -lmemcached</dd>
 200 </dl>
 201 <dl class="function">
 202 <dt id="_CPPv417memcached_prependP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t">
 203 <span id="_CPPv317memcached_prependP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t"></span><span id="_CPPv217memcached_prependP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t"></span><span id="memcached_prepend__memcached_stP.cCP.s.cCP.s.time_t.uint32_t"></span><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_return_t.html#_CPPv418memcached_return_t" title="memcached_return_t">memcached_return_t</a> <code class="descname">memcached_prepend</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_create.html#_CPPv412memcached_st" title="memcached_st">memcached_st</a> *<em>ptr</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>key</em>, size_t <em>key_length</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>value</em>, size_t <em>value_length</em>, time_t <em>expiration</em>, uint32_t <em>flags</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#_CPPv417memcached_prependP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
 204 <dd></dd></dl>
 205
 206 <dl class="function">
 207 <dt id="_CPPv416memcached_appendP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t">
 208 <span id="_CPPv316memcached_appendP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t"></span><span id="_CPPv216memcached_appendP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t"></span><span id="memcached_append__memcached_stP.cCP.s.cCP.s.time_t.uint32_t"></span><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_return_t.html#_CPPv418memcached_return_t" title="memcached_return_t">memcached_return_t</a> <code class="descname">memcached_append</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_create.html#_CPPv412memcached_st" title="memcached_st">memcached_st</a> *<em>ptr</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>key</em>, size_t <em>key_length</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>value</em>, size_t <em>value_length</em>, time_t <em>expiration</em>, uint32_t <em>flags</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#_CPPv416memcached_appendP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
 209 <dd></dd></dl>
 210
 211 <dl class="function">
 212 <dt id="_CPPv424memcached_prepend_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t">
 213 <span id="_CPPv324memcached_prepend_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t"></span><span id="_CPPv224memcached_prepend_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t"></span><span id="memcached_prepend_by_key__memcached_stP.cCP.s.cCP.s.cCP.s.time_t.uint32_t"></span><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_return_t.html#_CPPv418memcached_return_t" title="memcached_return_t">memcached_return_t</a> <code class="descname">memcached_prepend_by_key</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_create.html#_CPPv412memcached_st" title="memcached_st">memcached_st</a> *<em>ptr</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>group_key</em>, size_t <em>group_key_length</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>key</em>, size_t <em>key_length</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>value</em>, size_t <em>value_length</em>, time_t <em>expiration</em>, uint32_t <em>flags</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#_CPPv424memcached_prepend_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
 214 <dd></dd></dl>
 215
 216 <dl class="function">
 217 <dt id="_CPPv423memcached_append_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t">
 218 <span id="_CPPv323memcached_append_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t"></span><span id="_CPPv223memcached_append_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t"></span><span id="memcached_append_by_key__memcached_stP.cCP.s.cCP.s.cCP.s.time_t.uint32_t"></span><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_return_t.html#_CPPv418memcached_return_t" title="memcached_return_t">memcached_return_t</a> <code class="descname">memcached_append_by_key</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_create.html#_CPPv412memcached_st" title="memcached_st">memcached_st</a> *<em>ptr</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>group_key</em>, size_t <em>group_key_length</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>key</em>, size_t <em>key_length</em>, <em class="property">const</em> char *<em>value</em>, size_t <em>value_length</em>, time_t <em>expiration</em>, uint32_t <em>flags</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#_CPPv423memcached_append_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
 219 <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
 220 <col class="field-name" />
 221 <col class="field-body" />
 222 <tbody valign="top">
 223 <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
 224 <li><strong>ptr</strong> -- pointer to an initialized <a class="reference internal" href="memcached_create.html#_CPPv412memcached_st" title="memcached_st"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_st</span></code></a> struct</li>
 225 <li><strong>group_key</strong> -- key namespace</li>
 226 <li><strong>group_key_length</strong> -- length of the key namespace without any terminating zero</li>
 227 <li><strong>key</strong> -- the key</li>
 228 <li><strong>key_length</strong> -- length of the key without any terminating zero</li>
 229 <li><strong>value</strong> -- the value to append/prepend</li>
 230 <li><strong>value_length</strong> -- the length of the value without any terminating zero</li>
 231 <li><strong>expiration</strong> -- expiration as a unix timestamp or as relative expiration time in seconds</li>
 232 <li><strong>flags</strong> -- 16 bit flags</li>
 233 </ul>
 234 </td>
 235 </tr>
 236 <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last"><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_return_t.html#_CPPv418memcached_return_t" title="memcached_return_t"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_return_t</span></code></a> indicating success</p>
 237 </td>
 238 </tr>
 239 </tbody>
 240 </table>
 241 </dd></dl>
 242
 243 </div>
 244 <div class="section" id="description">
 245 <h2>DESCRIPTION<a class="headerlink" href="#description" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
 246 <p><a class="reference internal" href="#_CPPv417memcached_prependP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="memcached_prepend"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_prepend()</span></code></a> and memcached_append are used to modify information on a
 247 server. All methods take a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">key</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">key_length</span></code> to store the object. Keys
 248 are currently limited to 250 characters when using either a version of memcached
 249 which is 1.4 or below, or when using the text protocol. You must supply both a
 250 value and a length. Optionally you may set an expiration time for the object
 251 and a 16 bit value (it is meant to be used as a bitmap). <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> is a 4 byte
 252 space that is stored along the main value. Many sub libraries make use of
 253 this field, so in most cases users should avoid making use of it.</p>
 254 <p><a class="reference internal" href="#_CPPv417memcached_prependP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="memcached_prepend"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_prepend()</span></code></a> places a segment of data before the last piece of data
 255 stored. Currently expiration and key are not used in the server.</p>
 256 <p><a class="reference internal" href="#_CPPv416memcached_appendP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="memcached_append"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_append()</span></code></a> places a segment of data at the end of the last piece of data
 257 stored. Currently expiration and key are not used in the server.</p>
 258 <p><a class="reference internal" href="#_CPPv424memcached_prepend_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="memcached_prepend_by_key"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_prepend_by_key()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#_CPPv423memcached_append_by_keyP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="memcached_append_by_key"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_append_by_key()</span></code></a> methods both behave in
 259 a similar manner as the non key methods. The difference is that they use their
 260 group_key parameter to map objects to particular servers.</p>
 261 <p>If you are looking for performance, <a class="reference internal" href="memcached_set.html#_CPPv413memcached_setP12memcached_stPKc6size_tPKc6size_t6time_t8uint32_t" title="memcached_set"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_set()</span></code></a> with non-blocking IO is the
 262 fastest way to store data on the server.</p>
 263 <p>All of the above functions are tested with the <a class="reference internal" href="memcached_behavior.html#_CPPv4N20memcached_behavior_t26MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_USE_UDPE" title="MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_USE_UDP"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_USE_UDP</span></code></a>
 264 behavior enabled. However, when using these operations with this behavior on,
 265 there are limits to the size of the payload being sent to the server.  The
 266 reason for these limits is that the Memcached Server does not allow
 267 multi-datagram requests and the current server implementation sets a datagram
 268 size to 1400 bytes. Due to protocol overhead, the actual limit of the user
 269 supplied data is less than 1400 bytes and depends on the protocol in use as,
 270 well as the operation being executed. When running with the binary protocol,
 271 <a class="reference internal" href="memcached_behavior.html#_CPPv4N20memcached_behavior_t34MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_BINARY_PROTOCOLE" title="MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_BINARY_PROTOCOL"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MEMCACHED_BEHAVIOR_BINARY_PROTOCOL</span></code></a>, the size of the key,value, flags and
 272 expiry combined may not exceed 1368 bytes. When running with the ASCII protocol,
 273 the exact limit fluctuates depending on which function is being executed and
 274 whether the function is a cas operation or not. For non-cas ASCII set
 275 operations, there are at least 1335 bytes available to split among the key,
 276 key_prefix, and value; for cas ASCII operations there are at least 1318 bytes
 277 available to split among the key, key_prefix and value. If the total size of the
 278 command, including overhead, exceeds 1400 bytes, a <a class="reference internal" href="memcached_return_t.html#_CPPv4N18memcached_return_t23MEMCACHED_WRITE_FAILUREE" title="MEMCACHED_WRITE_FAILURE"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MEMCACHED_WRITE_FAILURE</span></code></a>
 279 will be returned.</p>
 280 </div>
 281 <div class="section" id="return-value">
 282 <h2>RETURN VALUE<a class="headerlink" href="#return-value" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
 283 <p>All methods return a value of type <a class="reference internal" href="memcached_return_t.html#_CPPv418memcached_return_t" title="memcached_return_t"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_return_t</span></code></a>. On success the value
 284 will be <a class="reference internal" href="memcached_return_t.html#_CPPv4N18memcached_return_t17MEMCACHED_SUCCESSE" title="MEMCACHED_SUCCESS"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MEMCACHED_SUCCESS</span></code></a>.</p>
 285 <p>Use <a class="reference internal" href="memcached_strerror.html#_CPPv418memcached_strerrorP12memcached_st18memcached_return_t" title="memcached_strerror"><code class="xref cpp cpp-any docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">memcached_strerror()</span></code></a> to translate this value to a printable string.</p>
 286 </div>
 287 <div class="section" id="see-also">
 288 <h2>SEE ALSO<a class="headerlink" href="#see-also" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
 289 <ul class="simple">
 290 <li><em class="manpage"><a class="manpage reference external" href="https://linux.die.net/man/1/memcached">memcached(1)</a></em></li>
 291 <li><a class="reference internal" href="../libmemcached.html"><span class="doc">C/C++ Client Library for memcached</span></a></li>
 292 <li><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_set.html"><span class="doc">Storing data on the server</span></a></li>
 293 <li><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_cas.html"><span class="doc">Working with data on the server in an atomic fashion</span></a></li>
 294 <li><a class="reference internal" href="memcached_strerror.html"><span class="doc">Converting Error Codes to Messages</span></a></li>
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